| Commodus |
180-192
|
|
| Pertinax |
193
|
|
| Didius Julianus |
193
|
|
| Septimius Severus |
193-211
|
|
| Caracalla |
211-217
|
|
| Macrinus |
217
|
|
| Heliogabalus |
218-222
|
|
| Alexander Severus |
222-235
|
|
| Maximinus |
235-238
|
|
| Gordian I and |
238
|
|
| Gordian II (jointly) |
|
|
| Pupienus and |
238
|
|
| Balbinus (jointly) |
|
|
| Gordian III |
238-244
|
|
| Philip the Arabian |
244-249 |
|
| Decius |
249-251
|
|
| Gallus |
251-253
|
|
| Aemilian |
253
|
|
| Valerian and Gallienus |
253-260 |
|
| (jointly) |
|
|
| Gallienus |
260-268
|
|
| Claudius II |
268-270
|
|
| Aurelian |
270-275
|
|
| Tacitus |
275
|
|
| Probus |
276-282
|
|
| Carus |
282-283
|
|
| Carinus and Numerianus |
284 |
|
| (jointly) |
|
|
| Diocletian |
284-305
|
Empire split into East and West
|
| Diocletian and |
286-305
|
|
| Maximianus (jointly) |
|
|
| Constantius Chlorus |
305-306 |
|
| (West) jointly with |
|
|
| Galerius (East) |
|
|
| Galerius (East) |
305-311
|
|
| Maxentius (West) |
306-312
|
|
| Constantine the Great |
306-337 |
Constantinople built at Byzantium
|
| (West, later all) jointly
|
|
|
| with Licinius (East) |
|
|
| Licinius (East) |
307-323
|
|
| Constantius (East, |
337-361 |
|
| later all) jointly with
|
|
|
| Constantine II (West) |
337-340 |
|
| and Constans (Africa) |
337-350 |
|
| Julian |
361-363
|
|
| Jovianus |
363-364
|
|
| Valentinian I (West) |
364-375 |
|
| Valens (East) |
364-378
|
|
| Gratian (West) jointly |
375-383 |
|
| with Valentinian II |
|
|
| Valentinian II |
375-392
|
|
| Theodosius I (East, |
379-395 |
|
| later all) |
|
|
| Western Empire |
|
|
| Honorius |
395-423
|
|
| John |
424
|
|
| Valentinian III |
425-455
|
|
| Maximus |
455
|
|
| Avitus |
455-456
|
|
| Majorian |
457-461
|
|
| Libius Severus |
461-465
|
|
| Recimir |
465-467
|
|
| Anthemius |
467-472
|
|
| Olybrius |
472
|
|
| Glycerius |
473
|
|
| Julius Nepos |
473-475
|
|
| Romulus Augustulus |
475-476 |